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Quiz on Flowlines in Oil and Gas: A Comprehensive Guide II 7 MCQs with Explanations

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Flowlines Quiz

1. Flowline Function

What is the primary function of flowlines in oil and gas production systems?





2. Flowline Design Code

Which design codes are commonly followed for flowline design?





3. Flowline Wall Thickness

How is the wall thickness of flowlines determined?





4. Flowline Routing

What considerations should be taken into account when routing flowlines?





5. Flowline Materials

What is the most common material used for flowlines?





6. Flowline Expansion Loops

What is the purpose of expansion loops in flowlines?





7. Flowline Installation

Why is proper support essential during the installation of flowlines?





Short Article on Flowlines in Oil and Gas

Flowlines: A Comprehensive Guide

Introduction

Flowlines are an essential part of oil and gas production systems. They are used to transport fluids from wells to manifolds or other pieces of process equipment. Flowlines can be either metallic or nonmetallic, and they can be buried or above ground. In onshore applications, flowlines can run for kilometers. Once the flowlines have brought the fluid to a manifold or other piece of process equipment, gathering lines are used to transport the fluid to a central processing facility.

Considerations for Flowline Design

There are a number of factors that need to be considered when designing flowlines. These factors include:

  • Temperature and pressure of flowlines: The operating temperature for flowlines is usually less than 100°C. However, the design pressure can be very high, ranging up to 238 bar. The design pressure must be more than the maximum pressure that can be produced at any instant of the full flowline life cycle.
  • Flowline design code: The normal design code followed for flow lines is ASME B31.4 or ASME B31.8.
  • Mechanical strength: The wall thickness of flowlines is determined using the Barlow formula with a design factor of 0.72.
  • Flowline routing: Flowlines should be routed to minimize land use and to avoid obstacles such as roads and buildings.
  • Flowline materials: The most common material for flowlines is carbon steel. However, other materials such as stainless steel and fiberglass can also be used.
  • Flowline expansion loops: Expansion loops are used to accommodate the expansion and contraction of flowlines due to changes in temperature.
  • Flowline hook-ups: Hook-ups refer to the piping required to tie-in the flowline to the wellhead and to production facilities.
  • Flowline installation: Flowlines must be properly supported to prevent sagging and to protect them from damage.
  • Commissioning of flowlines: Flowlines must be tested and commissioned before being put into service.

Difference between a Pipeline and Flowline

Both pipelines and flowlines are designed based on ASME B31.4 or B31.8 codes. However, there are some specific differences between a flowline and a pipeline:

  • Length: Flowlines are typically shorter than pipelines.
  • Fluids: Flowlines typically carry unprocessed fluids, whereas pipelines can carry processed or unprocessed fluids.
  • Location: Flowlines are typically located in the wellhead area, whereas pipelines can be located anywhere in the oil and gas field.

Subsea Flowlines

Subsea flowlines are pipelines that carry fluids between a subsea wellhead and a surface facility or manifold. They consist of rigid or flexible pipes and in general, carry untreated oil and gas mixtures.

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